Panic Disorder is a type of anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks. These attacks involve sudden and intense surges of fear or discomfort that reach a peak within minutes. Individuals with panic disorder often experience physical symptoms during an attack, such as a racing heartbeat, shortness of breath, dizziness, chest pain, trembling, or a choking sensation. The attacks can be accompanied by a fear of dying, losing control, or being detached from reality. Panic attacks can occur without warning, leading individuals to live in constant fear of when the next attack might happen.

Panic disorder can significantly affect daily life, as individuals may start avoiding situations or places where they previously experienced panic attacks. This avoidance behavior often leads to agoraphobia, a condition in which individuals fear being in places where escape may be difficult or help unavailable in the event of another attack. This can severely limit a person’s mobility and independence.

The onset of panic disorder typically occurs in early adulthood, with the average age of onset being in the late teens to early 20s. However, panic disorder can develop at any age, and it affects both men and women, though it is more common in women. Prevalence rates of panic disorder vary, but it is estimated to affect around 2-3% of the general population at any given time. Panic disorder often co-occurs with other mental health conditions, such as generalized anxiety disorder, depression, or other anxiety disorders.

Individuals with panic disorder often become hypervigilant, constantly worrying about having future panic attacks, which can lead to heightened anxiety and more frequent episodes. While panic disorder can be debilitating, with proper treatment, many individuals can learn to manage their symptoms and regain control of their lives.